For households, going electric can reduce greenhouse gas emissions and provide healthier indoor air quality — but what happens to their energy bills? This is a critical question facing the L.A. Department of Water and Power (LADWP) as the utility aims to transition to renewable energy equitably. It’s a complex question to answer — but a new UCLA computational model suggests that home electrification can almost always bring energy bills down for L.A. households, which is particularly important for residents with high bills and lower incomes.

UCLA researchers built the new model, called the L.A. Residential Energy Transition (RESET) Tool, at the request of LADWP staff to inform their decisions. This first-of-its-kind tool combines historical energy consumption data, energy patterns from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory’s ResStock model, and projected energy prices to estimate household energy spending after home electrification. LADWP staff are using the model to estimate the effects of changing electricity rates for energy affordability and household electrification as they implement the LA100 Plan (the utility’s plan to reach 100% carbon-free electricity).

In a new report, UCLA researchers present findings from the LA RESET Tool to a wider audience, from energy decision-makers and program designers to building electrification advocates and members of the public. The report is authored by researchers from the UCLA Luskin Center for Innovation and the California Center for Sustainable Communities. The report includes findings and recommendations for LADWP, as well as other utilities and government agencies both within and beyond L.A., as they design policies and programs to encourage and provide resources for building electrification.

The researchers recommend prioritizing high-efficiency appliances when electrifying, as they lead to substantially higher savings (with estimated bill reductions of up to $575 annually). They also suggest that electrification programs should be customized for each building type, which hugely impacts energy consumption patterns and the affordability of different upgrade options.

Crucially, the authors call for decision-makers to provide substantial resources and funding to help households navigate and pay for electrification upgrades. Buying and installing electric appliances is costly, and the ongoing bill savings may not be enough for households to justify. Meaningful subsidies, direct installation programs, and other resources are needed to drive household electrification and bring the substantial individual and societal benefits it has the potential to deliver.

The report highlights several critical findings:

• Most electrification upgrades lead to ongoing energy savings for LADWP customers, cutting some households’ bills in half, while maintaining gas appliances nearly always leads to higher energy spending.
• Households in different building types have very different energy savings potential. For example, in 2025, some single-family households can save over $1,000 by electrifying their entire homes, whereas the highest savings projected for residents of large multi-family buildings is about $300.
• High-efficiency appliance upgrades lead to much greater savings — as much as 20 times higher — than comparable low-efficiency upgrades.
• Electric vehicle owners pay less to power their vehicles than gasoline vehicle owners, except around 2035 to 2040, when rates are projected to increase more rapidly to fund clean energy investments.